What Is Electrical Stimulation?

Electrical stimulation might sound intimidating, but when used correctly by a licensed and skilled physical therapist, it is a safe and effective treatment method for many conditions. It involves using a device that sends electrical currents through self-adhesive electrodes placed around the area being treated. These currents interact with sensory and motor nerves to produce therapeutic effects.

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How Is Electrical Stimulation Used in Physical Therapy?

There are several types of electrical stimulation, each using different currents to target nerves in specific ways. Some common modes include:

  • Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
  • Interferential
  • Pre-modulated
  • Russian stimulation
  • Symmetrical or asymmetrical biphasic currents

Your physical therapist will choose the right type based on your individual needs.

Benefits of Electrical Stimulation

Electrical stimulation can help:

  • Reduce or control pain (acute and chronic)
  • Increase local blood circulation
  • Decrease swelling
  • Improve range of motion
  • Reduce muscle spasms
  • Provide biofeedback to enhance body awareness
  • Improve motor coordination
  • Aid neuromuscular re-education
  • Prevent or reverse muscle atrophy, especially after immobilization (like casting)

Pain relief is one of the most common uses. Electrical stimulation triggers natural analgesic effects by stimulating specific sensory nerves and encouraging the release of neurotransmitters that help prolong pain relief.

Is Electrical Stimulation Safe?

Electrical stimulation is not suitable for everyone. It should be avoided by people with:

  • Deep vein thrombosis
  • Pregnancy
  • Pacemakers
  • Impaired cognition

It’s also unsafe to use on certain areas, such as the front of the neck, eyes, broken skin, or areas with reduced sensation.

Does Electrical Muscle Stimulation Hurt?

No! The intensity is adjustable to your comfort level. Most patients feel a mild tingling or a “pins and needles” sensation. When used for muscle strengthening, the sensation might be stronger but should never be painful.

What to Expect During a Session

For your comfort and safety, wear loose clothing and sturdy shoes to your appointment. At your first visit, your therapist will take a detailed medical history and perform a physical exam to diagnose your condition. If electrical stimulation is appropriate, they will explain the process, clean the treatment area, and guide you through the session step-by-step.

Ready to Experience Electrical Stimulation?

If you’re curious about how electrical stimulation might help reduce your pain or improve function, our evidence-based physical therapy services are here for you. With minimal risk and proven effectiveness, this treatment could be the key to your recovery.

For more information, contact us at Greenwood, IN center.